Abstract:
Many patients suffer from severe shoulder complaints after breast cancer surgery and axillary lymph node dissection. Physical therapy has been clinically observed to improve treatment of these patients; however, it is not a standard treatment regime. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of PT treatment of shoulder function, pain and quality of life in patients who have undergone breast cancer surgery and axillary lymph node dissection. (more)

Abstract:
Peak muscle power may be improved similarly using light, moderate, or heavy resistances, whereas there is a dose-response relationship between training intensity and muscle strength and endurance changes. Therefore, using heavy loads during explosive resistance training may be the most effective strategy to achieve simultaneous improvements in muscle strength, power, and endurance in older adults. (more)

Abstract:
The objective was to determine whether a golf-specific warm up programme (both immediately prior to play and after performing it 5 times a week for 5 weeks) improved performance in 10 male golfers compared with 10 controls matched for age, sex, and handicap. (more)

Abstract:
To describe the relationship of the pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles to the medial collateral ligament at 30 degrees, 90 degrees, and 120 degrees of elbow flexion, we dissected 11 cadaveric specimens. (more)

Abstract:
The purpose of this discussion is to outline the clinical benefits of physical therapy in treating patients with cancer. A detailed explanation of lymphedema, its causes and current treatment techniques will be discussed, along with the use of physical therapy intervention in addressing orthopedic problems associated with surgical procedures, radiation therapy and breast reconstructive surgery. (more)

Abstract:
College football players sustain an average of 3 subconcussive blows to the head per game. While concussions correlate with decreases in standardized neurocognitive test scores, it is not known whether repetitive, subconcussive microtrauma associated with participation in a full season of collision sport affects neurocognitive test scores. This paper studied 58 members of a Division III collegiate football team who had no known concussion during the season. They voluntarily completed the SAC and ImPACT instruments preseason, midseason, and postseason. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the scores at the 3 time intervals (P < .05). (more)

Abstract:
Concern has been expressed that preventive measures in older people might increase frailty by increasing survival without improving health. We investigated the impact of exercise on the probabilities of health improvement, deterioration and death in community-dwelling older people. (more)

Abstract:
Golf is not a sport known for its high injury level; however, injuries do occur. Such mishaps usually involve overuse-type injuries that are more common among amateur golfers than among professional golfers. This article attempts to provide an overview of golf injuries to the elbow, with a concentration on incidence, proper diagnosis, adequate treatment (including rehabilitation), and prevention strategies. (more)

Abstract:
It has been documented that both muscle mass and strength decline with age. This decline is associated with an increased risk of falls, hip fractures, and adverse physiological changes, such as glucose intolerance and a loss of bone mineral density. Consequently, these changes may predispose elderly individuals to osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, and diabetes as well as to functional limitations in activities of daily living. (more)

Abstract:
The aim of this paper was to characterize structural balance of the body in people with systemic vertigo after applying rehabilitation exercise, such as motor-visual coordination on a posturographic platform and balance exercise. The rehabilitation program resulted in a decrease of the range of sways, improved visuomotor coordination and thus also improved balance. (more)

Abstract:
Women working in the public human service sector in 'overstrained' situations run the risk of musculoskeletal symptoms and long-term sick leave. In order to maintain the level of health and work ability and strengthen the potential resources for health, it is important that employees gain greater control over decisions and actions affecting their health — a process associated with the concept of self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of a self-efficacy intervention and an ergonomic education intervention for women with musculoskeletal symptoms, employed in the public sector. (more)

Abstract:
With the introduction of minimally invasive techniques and the pressure of insurance regulations, postoperative rehabilitation after total hip and knee arthroplasty has been placed on an accelerated track. As surgeons turn to more aggressive postoperative protocols and early entry into outpatient therapies, we introduce a pre- and postoperative program involving the Pilates method. While this technique appears safe and effective anecdotally, further controlled trials are necessary to prove its validity. (more)

Abstract:
The Back School is a widely accepted and effective method for treating low back pain, whereas no scientific evidence exists about the effects of the Pilates CovaTech method. With this study we wanted to evaluate the efficacy of this new method in patients with low back pain. (more)

Abstract:
Clinical practice guidelines state that the tissue source of low back pain cannot be specified in the majority of patients, but there has been no systematic review of the accuracy of diagnostic tests used to identify the source of low back pain. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to determine the diagnostic accuracy of tests available to clinicians to identify the disc, facet joint or sacroiliac joint (SIJ) as the source of low back pain. (more)

Abstract:
Physical therapists increasingly provide direct access services to patients with musculoskeletal conditions, and growing evidence supports the cost-effectiveness of this mode of healthcare delivery. However, further evidence is needed to determine if physical therapists have the requisite knowledge necessary to manage musculoskeletal conditions. (more)

Abstract:
This 1-year, randomised controlled intervention trial evaluated the effects of a wide forearm support surface and a trackball on upper body pain severity and incident musculoskeletal disorders among 182 call centre operators at a large healthcare company. Participants were randomised to receive (1) ergonomics training only, (2) training plus a trackball, (3) training plus a forearm support, or (4) training plus a trackball and forearm support. Outcome measures were weekly pain severity scores and diagnosis of incident musculoskeletal disorder in the upper extremities or the neck/shoulder region based on physical examination performed by a physician blinded to intervention. (more)

Abstract:
A communication plan to facilitate dissemination of and provide education on the revised "Code of Ethics" (Code) and "Standards of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant" (Standards), adopted at the 2009 House of Delegates in June, is now available. The two APTA core documents have been expanded to better delineate the ethical obligations of all PTs and PTAs. The new "Code" and "Standards" go into effect July 1, 2010. (more)

Abstract:
The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of specially trained physiotherapists in the assessment and management of defined referrals to hospital orthopaedic departments. (more)

Abstract:
In the industrial world, non-specific back and neck pain (BNP) is the largest diagnostic group underlying sick-listing. For patients with subacute and chronic BNP, cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation was compared with primary care. The specific aim was to answer the question: within an 18-month follow-up, will the outcomes differ in respect of sick-listing and number of health-care visits? (more)

Abstract:
Complaints of dizziness in a patient are not uncommon. The prevalence of dizziness in the community ranges from 1.8% in young adults to more than 30% in the elderly. The physiotherapist often uncovers a complaint of dizziness in the course of providing treatment for another disorder. The purpose of this article is to present the possible causes for complaints of dizziness and offer a process for the physical therapist to determine the appropriate course of action. (more)

Abstract:
For older adults, hospitalization frequently results in deterioration of mobility and function. Nevertheless, there are little data about how older adults exercise in the hospital and definitive studies are not yet available to determine what type of physical activity will prevent hospital related decline. Strengthening exercise may prevent deconditioning and Pilates exercise, which focuses on proper body mechanics and posture, may promote safety. (more)

Abstract:
Interventions that treat more than one aspect of lower back pain would have significant benefits for this patient population. Yoga and Pilates which have both been gaining in popularity over the last decade are 2 mind-body exercise interventions that address both the physical and mental aspects of pain with core strengthening, flexibility and relaxation. (more)

Abstract:
How athletes from different sports perform on balance tests is not well understood. When prescribing balance exercises to athletes in different sports, it may be important to recognize performance variations. The objective was to compare static and dynamic balance among collegiate athletes competing or training in soccer, basketball, and gymnastics. (more)

Abstract:
Fatigue is a relevant problem of cancer patients during and after treatment. Several studies have shown that exercise can improve quality of life and functional status of cancer patients undergoing chemo- or radiotherapy. However, there is a lack of information about the effects of this intervention on persistent cancer-related fatigue. Therefore, we assessed the effects of an exercise program on cancer-related fatigue after treatment. (more)

Abstract:
Survey studies have shown that physicians believe managed care is having significant impact on many of their professional obligations. METHODS: Primary care physicians were asked about the impact of managed care on: (1) physician-patient relationships, (2) the ability of physicians to carry out their professional ethical obligations, and (3) quality of patient care. Many physicians surveyed believe managed care has significant negative effects on the physician-patient relationship, the ability to carry out ethical obligations, and on quality of patient care. These results have implications for health care system reform efforts. (more)

Abstract:
The objectives were to present a progressively increasing negative-work exercise program via eccentric ergometry early after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) and to suggest the potential of negative work to amplify the return of quadriceps size and strength. (more)

Abstract:
Maintenance of muscle strength and physical performance in later life is an important component of healthy aging. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between customary physical activity, muscle strength and physical performance in older men and women. (more)

Abstract:
Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass that happens to everyone with age. However, the rate of sarcopenia and the severity of its sequelae vary greatly according to health status, physical activity, and possibly diet. In this review, Dr. Roubenoff discusses the potential mechanisms of sarcopenia and some ideas about prevention and treatment. (more)

Abstract:
The goal of this study was to quantify systematically and to characterize the range of ethics issues affecting rehabilitation professionals' day-to-day clinical practice, and to assess the preferences of rehabilitation clinicians for ethics education. The authors found that ethical issues in the rehabilitation setting are common, and reflect both the dynamic nature of the health care environment and the team model of care. Ongoing, interactive educational interventions are warranted to address these issues. (more)

Abstract:
Lymphedema, a chronic condition that occurs as a result of the body's inability to drain lymph fluid from the tissues, is a common treatment-related side effect experienced by cancer patients. In this review, many of the important aspects of lymphedema with which clinicians who treat cancer patients should be familiar are outlined, including the anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this condition. The authors also identify some of the resources available both to cancer patients with lymphedema and to the clinicians who treat them. It is hoped that this review will convey the importance of the early identification and management of this incurable disorder because this is essential to minimizing its complications. (more)

Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze the EMG activity in eight shoulder muscles of both the right and left arms during the golf swing. The results reveal that the infraspinatus and supraspinatus act predominantly at the extremes of shoulder range of motion, the subscapularis and pectoralis major during acceleration, the latissimus dorsi during forward swing, and the anterior deltoid during forward swing and follow-through. The middle and posterior deltoids appear to be relatively noncontributory, without any specific timing patterns. This data is an expansion of an earlier pilot study and allows us to more accurately develop an exercise program for optimal performance as well as for prevention and rehabilitation. (more)

Abstract:
The objective of this study was to determine which proposed risk factor, work activity (industrial v clerical), body mass index (BMI), or other demographic factors had the most influence on the prevalence of median mononeuropathy at the wrist, and if there was an interaction between the risk factors. The authors concluded that obesity, industrial work, and age are independent risk factors that influence the prevalence of median mononeuropathies among active workers. (more)

Abstract:
The methodological issues associated with studies investigating the diagnostic utility of clinical tests have mandated the development of the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) and QUADAS (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) criterion lists. The purpose of this paper is to outline the STARD and QUADAS criterion lists and to discuss how these methodological quality assessment tools can assist the clinician in ascertaining clinically useful information from a diagnostic accuracy study. (more)

Abstract:
The aim of this project was primarily to assess the feasibility of individual exercise programs for older hospitalised patients at risk of functional decline, and secondarily to evaluate impact on discharge outcomes. (more)

Abstract:
A variety of occupational groups have been shown to experience elevated risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). Little information on WMSD is available in hotel restaurant workers. The authors concluded that WMSD-related pain is common among hotel restaurant workers in Taiwan, but it does not appear to interfere with job performance or daily living. Self-treatment and alternative therapies that have not been evaluated for effectiveness are commonly employed by hotel restaurant workers. (more)

Abstract:
There was a clinically and statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in the recovery of the quadriceps and the gait parameters according to the type of operation that had been performed: the patients who had had reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with use of an autologous patellar-ligament graft did poorly compared with the other patients. (more)

Abstract:
The trapezius and serratus anterior muscles are considered to be the only upward rotators of the scapula and are important for normal shoulder function. Electromyographic studies have been performed for these muscles during active and low-intensity exercises, but they have not been analyzed during high intensity exercises. The objective was to identify high-intensity exercises that elicit the greatest level of EMG activity in the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. (more)

Abstract:
The objectives of this paper were to determine the reporting of symptoms, the medical outcome and the work status of meat plant workers diagnosed with clinical carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Forty-seven cases of CTS were identified from a previously reported study, and were matched by age, gender and hand use. Cases and controls were followed up for 24 months. Occupation-related CTS in meat packers appears to be transient and responsive to conservative measures, with a surgical rate comparable to other occupations. (more)

Abstract:
The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive reference for MCC based on a critical evaluation of the current data. The authors investigated the importance of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a staging tool for MCC to assess the status of the regional lymph node basin and to determine the need for additional therapy to the lymph node basin. In an attempt to standardize prospective data collection with the intention to define prognostic indicators, the authors also present histopathologic profiles for primary MCC and sentinel lymph nodes. The controversies regarding the appropriate surgical approach to primary MCC, the use of adjuvant radiation therapy, and the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy were examined critically. Finally, the authors have provided treatment guidelines based on the available evidence and their multidisciplinary experience. (more)

Abstract:
This report describes work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders in four radiologists and identifies risk factors and preventive measures for these syndromes. It concludes that current technology renders staff radiologists at risk for work-related, upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders, including carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes. Proper equipment, ergonomics, and professional consultation should be used in all radiology departments. (more)

Abstract:
The objectives of this study were to compare the effectiveness of 2 rehabilitation programs for acute hamstring strain by evaluating time needed to return to sports and reinjury rate during the first 2 weeks and the first year after return to sport. A third objective was to investigate the relationship between functional testing performance and time to return to sports and reinjury rates after return to sport. (more)

Abstract:
Age-related decline in muscle power may be an early indicator of balance deficits and fall risk, even in nonfrail adults. This study examined the dose-dependent effect of power training on balance performance in healthy older adults. Power training improves balance, particularly using a low load, high velocity regimen, in older adults with initial lower muscle power and slower contraction. (more)

Abstract:
The trunk is the most common area of injury during the golf swing. This study describes and compares the muscle firing patterns in the trunk during the golf swing. The high and constant activity of these muscles indicate the need for an effective preventive and rehabilitative exercise program for the golfer (more)

Abstract:
Despite individual differences among the subjects’ swings, we observed reproducible patterns of trunk muscle activity throughout all phases of the golf swing. Our findings demonstrate the importance of the trunk muscles in stabilizing and controlling the loading response for maximal power and accuracy in the golfer’s swing. This study provides a basis for developing a rehabilitation program for golfers that stresses strengthening of the trunk muscles and coordination exercises. (more)

Abstract:
Chronic instability after lateral ankle sprain has been shown to cause balance deficits during quiet standing. Although static balance assessment in those with ankle instability has been thoroughly examined in the literature, few researchers have studied performance on more dynamic tasks. Our purpose was to determine if the Star Excursion Balance Tests (SEBTs), lower extremity reach tests, can detect deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability. (more)

Abstract:
The authors investigated whether frontal cerebral rhythms of the two hemispheres are implicated in fine motor control and balance. It was found that the body sway area displayed similar values in the successful and unsuccessful putts. (more)

Abstract:
Cancer of unknown origin (CUO) is defined by the absence of any primary tumour in biopsy-proved metastatic cancer. CUO accounts for a 5-10% of all malignancies. These tumors have a specific biology with clinical characteristics of rapid progression and atypical metastases. Diagnostic evaluation is directed at the identification of treatable subset. Accurate diagnostic workup is crucial because both prognosis and survival rates depend mainly on detection of the primary tumor site. Although these patients undergo extensive imaging procedures, nuclear medicine techniques are under-utilized despite their ability of providing molecular information. Positron emission tomography has an emerging role in this clinical challenge along with other nuclear medicine methods including, bone scan, thyroid scintigraphy. (more)